Monday, October 27, 2014

Which ideology is the most ideal?

Between the first French Revolution and the many conquests of Napoleon, 19th century Europe saw many huge changes to who controlled what and how they chose to lead. Each ruler had different ideas as to what makes the best society. People who shared similar ideals were grouped together resulting in the three major political ideologies of the time: Conservatism, Liberalism, and Nationalism. To distinguish the 19th century meaning from what they have come to represent today we discussed what we believed their meanings to be based on what we know. Then we split into groups to each read about it and create a creative one minute project explaining what our ideals were trying to do during the 19th century.

Different groups of people in Europe discuss their feelings on liberalism. 
My group had Liberalism and our project showed how different groups of people felt about it. The liberal leaders believed in the natural freedom and rights of the people. Famous leaders of liberalism were philosophers known for their contributions to   like Adam Smith and John Locke who thought free will and human rights of people would help the economy and society the most. Liberals questioned traditions Europe had been following forever deeming a lot of them to be oppressive. The use of logic in laws and rules evolved into Utilitarianism later on. Liberals believed a middle class was necessary for power to be spread in order to prevent tyranny. They did not think the aristocracy should be the only privileged people. The aristocracy however did not like sharing their power especially with people who weren't nearly as rich as them. Forgotten in this movement were the poor and women who were once again denied power and basic human rights. 

Conservatives and Nationalists also had a large part of the 19th century. Conservatism wanted to uphold the old way everything was and preserve the monarchy/absolutism. Conservatives supported tradition to prevent revolutions from happening again. They believed New ideas and change had caused many wars and failed revolutions. Everything worked better when it was run the way it always had been and that was the safest way for a government to run, the way they knew how. After Napoleon was defeated, the main powers of Europe decided to put the monarchy in again since they were led by conservatives. Finally, nationalism is the idea of unification by a shared culture, language, and history. Nationalists thought that banding together as a nation made them stronger as a country and would help the progress of society. Some wanted to kick out all foreigners while other nationalists wanted to expand their country to other lands. Italy and Germany adopted this ideology after Napoleon gave their many separate groups a feel of unity. 

No comments:

Post a Comment